ExxonMobil Global Outlook:
Our view to 2050
The Global Outlook is ExxonMobil’s view of demand and supply of energy and related products through 2050.
A foundation of our business plan, the analysis is based on a long-term assessment of:
- Economic trends
- Advances in technology
- Consumer behavior
- Relevant government policy
Our view to 2050
Key takeaways
Economic growth drives growing demand for energy — and all energy types are needed:
- Renewables grow the fastest.
- Coal declines the most but remains important in many countries.
- Oil and natural gas still make up >50% of the global energy mix.
Industry and commercial transport underpin the global economy and will require growing supplies of energy.
Rising living standards increase energy use by 25% in developing countries.
Electricity demand will grow ~65% by 2050, driven by improved living standards in developing countries, industrial activity, data centers, and electric vehicles
Global CO2 emissions fall 20%. Affordability and policy set the pace.
Sustained oil and natural gas investment is more critical than ever before.
Increasing global energy supply AND reducing emissions is not only possible - it’s essential.
About the ExxonMobil Global Outlook
Projections vs. scenarios
References and supplemental information
Global Outlook glossary
Global Outlook data
Cautionary statement
The Global Outlook includes ExxonMobil Holdings Corporation’s internal estimates of both historical levels and projections of challenging topics such as global energy demand, supply, and trends through 2050 based upon internal data and analyses as well as publicly available information from many external sources including the International Energy Agency. Separate from ExxonMobil’s analysis, we discuss a number of third-party scenarios such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Likely Below 2°C and the International Energy Agency scenarios. Third-party scenarios discussed in this report reflect the modeling assumptions and outputs of their respective authors, not ExxonMobil, and their use and inclusion herein is not an endorsement by ExxonMobil of their results, likelihood, or probability. Work on the Outlook and report was conducted during 2025 and 2026. The report contains forward-looking statements, including projections, targets, expectations, estimates, and assumptions of future behaviors. Actual future conditions and results (including but not limited to energy demand, energy supply, the growth of energy demand and supply, the impact of new technologies, the relative mix of energy across sources, economic sectors and geographic regions, imports and exports of energy, emissions, and plans to reduce emissions) could differ materially due to changes in a number of factors, including: economic conditions, the ability to scale new technologies on a cost-effective basis, unexpected technological developments, the development of new supply sources, changes in law or government policy, political events, demographic changes and migration patterns, trade patterns, trade tariffs and trade sanctions, the development and enforcement of global, regional or national mandates, changes in consumer preferences, escalating geopolitical volatility, including regime changes, war, civil unrest, and other political or security disturbances, including disruption of land or sea transportation routes, decoupling of economies, realignment of global trade and supply chain networks, and disruptions in military alliances and other factors discussed herein and under the heading “Factors Affecting Future Results” in the Investors section of our website at https://corporate.exxonmobil.com/.
The Outlook was published in September 2026. ExxonMobil assumes no duty to update these statements or materials as of any future date, and neither future distribution of this material nor the continued availability of this material in archive form on our website should be deemed to constitute an update or re-affirmation of this material as of any future date. The Global Outlook is a voluntary disclosure and is not designed to fulfill any U.S., foreign, or third party required reporting framework. This material is not to be used or reproduced without the express written permission of ExxonMobil Holdings Corporation. All rights reserved.